Pour sugar into a medium saucepan over medium-high heat. Whisk, and keep whisking, as sugar melts. It will clump and you'll think you're doing it all wrong. You're not. :)
Once sugar is melted, stop whisking and let sugar cook until it is deep amber in color. *Carefully* add butter (mixture will bubble!) and whisk to incorporate.
Remove mixture from the heat. Add cream (carefully!) and whisk until smooth. Add salt and stir to incorporate. Allow to cool before using.
For Meringues:
Preheat oven to 275F. Line two baking sheets with parchment paper or silpats (see note) and set aside.
In the bowl of a stand mixer, beat egg whites and cream of tartar on medium speed with the whisk attachment until frothy. Increase the speed to high and beat to stiff peaks.
With the mixer still running, gradually add the sugar and salt. Stop the mixer to scrape down the sides of the bowl, then beat on high for five minutes. Mixture will be white, stiff, and glossy.
Add vanilla bean paste and mix to combine. Make large dollops of meringue on the prepared baking sheets with a spoon or cookie scoop (see note), each about 3 tablespoons of meringue.
Dollop about ¼ teaspoon each of the salted caramel sauce and melted chocolate on top of each meringue. Using a toothpick, swirl the caramel and chocolate into the meringue without flattening it out too much.
Reduce oven temperature to 250F. Bake meringues for 50 minutes. Meringues will be crisp on the outside and chewy in the center. If you prefer meringues that are crisp throughout, you will need to bake for about 1 ½ hours. Allow meringues to cool completely on the pan before trying to move them.Enjoy!
Notes
Note on salted caramel sauce: I cut the ingredient amounts way down so that you won't have a ton left over, but you still won't use all of it. I'm sure having some extra salted caramel sauce in the house won't be a problem. ;)Note on vanilla bean paste: You know me, there's vanilla bean paste in everything. I love the flavor and it's cheaper than using whole vanilla beans. You can substitute with a vanilla bean or with 1 teaspoon of vanilla extract if you like. If you're looking to purchase vanilla bean paste and can't find it in your local grocery store (I never can), you can find it online [here].Note on silpats: I baked my meringues on silpats because they're reusable, nothing sticks to them, and the bottoms of the meringues brown more slowly. If you'd like to get some silpats for yourself, you can find them [here].Note on cookie scoop: I use a large cookie scoop (about 3 tablespoons in volume) to portion out my meringues so they're more consistent in size and shape. I really like the one that I use, which you can find [here].Strawberry Jam Variation: Instead of the chocolate and salted caramel sauce, swirl about ½ teaspoon strawberry jam into each meringue. Warm jam slightly in the microwave if necessary to thin the consistency for better swirling. Increase bake time to one hour (for meringues that are still soft in the center). The additional bake time is necessary because of the moisture from the jam.Chocolate Peanut Butter Variation: Replace salted caramel sauce with peanut butter. Use regular peanut butter (not natural/organic), since it has less oil. Microwave about 2 Tablespoons peanut butter (30 seconds or less) to thin the consistency so that it can be swirled. Swirl about ¼ teaspoon chocolate and ¼ teaspoon peanut butter into each meringue. Bake as directed in the original recipe.